Moisturizer is a cosmetic preparation used for protecting, moisturizing, and lubricating the skin. It is used to hydrate the skin and keep it healthy. Moisturizers contain a mixture of oil and water-soluble components called an emulsion. The water in the moisturizer is able to bind the greasy residues on the skin, pulling them off as the mixture runs over the skin. The oil in the moisturizer holds the water in and helps to smoothen the skin by plugging gaps between dead skin cells.
Moisturizers can contain a variety of ingredients, including humectants, emollients, and occlusives. Humectants are ingredients that sponge up and retain water, while emollients are ingredients that exhibit emollient properties, such as cetylcaprylic/capric triglyceride, cetearyl or cetyl alcohol, or oils, such as soybean, sunflower seed, and others. Occlusives are ingredients that form a barrier on the skin to prevent water loss.
Moisturizers can be beneficial for dry skin, as they supply a little bit of water to the skin and contain a greasy substance that holds it in. They can also be used for the treatment of certain skin diseases, such as psoriasis, ichthyosis vulgaris, xerosis, and pruritus in atopic dermatitis.
When choosing a moisturizer, it is important to look at the ingredients list and choose a product that fits your skin type and contains no harmful ingredients. Some moisturizers may contain active ingredients, such as titanium oxide, which act as the principal sunscreen agent, while inactive ingredients assist in creating the final product. It is also important to note that price tags do not necessarily determine quality, and that a good moisturizer is one that protects the skin and contains beneficial ingredients.
