The extra step required when cleaning up acid and base spills, compared to most other laboratory chemical spills, is neutralizing the spill before cleaning it up. Here is a detailed explanation:
- For most chemical spills, the procedure involves containing the spill, absorbing it with appropriate materials, collecting the waste, and cleaning the area. However, acids and bases are corrosive and can cause severe damage and hazards if not properly treated first
- The neutralization step involves carefully adding a neutralizing agent to the spilled acid or base. For acids, weak bases such as sodium bicarbonate or soda ash are used; for bases, weak acids such as citric acid or ascorbic acid are applied
- The neutralizer is applied gradually, often working from the outside of the spill inward, to control the reaction and minimize heat or splattering
- The pH of the spill area is then tested with pH paper or a pH meter to ensure the spill has been neutralized (typically reaching a near-neutral pH between 5 and 9)
- Once neutralized, the spill can be safely absorbed, collected, and disposed of according to hazardous waste protocols, and the area cleaned thoroughly with soap and water
This neutralization step is crucial because it renders the corrosive acid or base into a safer substance, preventing further chemical injury or damage during cleanup
. Summary:
- Most chemical spills: contain → absorb → collect → clean.
- Acid/base spills: contain → neutralize → absorb → collect → clean.
This extra neutralization step is essential for safe and effective cleanup of acid and base spills in laboratories
