The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America, established to create a more perfect union and define the framework of the federal government. It was drafted in 1787, ratified in 1788, and has been in operation since 1789, making it the oldest written national constitution still in force in the world.
Structure of the Constitution
The Constitution consists of four main parts:
- The Preamble, which outlines the purposes of the government.
- Seven Articles that establish the structure and powers of the federal government.
- 27 Amendments, including the first 10 known as the Bill of Rights that protect individual liberties.
- A closing endorsement with the signatures of the framers.
Key Articles of the Constitution
- Article I establishes the legislative branch (Congress), composed of the Senate and House of Representatives, and outlines their powers and limits.
- Article II establishes the executive branch, led by the President.
- Article III establishes the judicial branch, with the Supreme Court at its apex.
- Articles IV through VII address states' relations, amendment processes, federal powers, and ratification procedures.
Amendments
Since its inception, the Constitution has been amended 27 times, expanding civil rights and refining government functions. The Bill of Rights (Amendments 1-10) specifically guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms.
The Constitution's principles include separation of powers, federalism, and the rule of law, creating a balance between government authority and individual rights. It remains a foundational document guiding the governance and legal framework of the United States.
