A government shutdown means that non-essential federal government functions stop because Congress has not approved new funding. Essential services continue to operate, but many government employees are furloughed without pay until an agreement on funding is reached. This impacts services like national parks, federal loans, and some administrative functions, while critical functions such as national security, air traffic control, and health care for veterans continue running.
What Causes a Shutdown
A shutdown happens when Congress fails to pass the necessary appropriations bills or continuing resolutions to fund federal agencies for the new fiscal year. Without this funding authorized by law, agencies must halt operations except for activities deemed essential, according to the Antideficiency Act of 1884.
What Happens During a Shutdown
- Non-essential federal employees are furloughed and do not receive paychecks during the shutdown.
- Essential workers continue without pay until funding is restored.
- Many government services slow down or stop, affecting millions of Americans relying on federal programs.
- Once resolved, most furloughed employees receive back pay, but contractors may not.
Impact on the Public
Government shutdowns delay services including immigration hearings, federal loan processing, and national park access. They can also cost taxpayers billions due to lost productivity and back pay for government workers.
This describes the essence and consequences of a government shutdown in the U.S. context, which is currently happening due to a political deadlock over government funding.
