the nordoff-robbins music therapy approach requires the client to engage in listening to pre-recorded music.

The Nordoff-Robbins music therapy approach does not require the client to engage in listening to pre-recorded music. Instead, it is an improvisational and client-centered approach where the therapist and client collaboratively create music in the moment. The therapy emphasizes live musical participation and interaction rather than passive listening to recorded music. The therapist and client use improvisation with instruments and voice to express emotions and facilitate therapeutic communication and growth. This approach is focused on the unique musicality of each client and the shared musical relationship created during sessions without reliance on pre-recorded music.