Verbal abuse is a form of emotional or psychological abuse.
- Core answer: Verbal abuse falls under emotional/psychological abuse and is often used as a tactic of control, manipulation, or coercion within relationships or interactions. It can include name-calling, humiliation, demeaning remarks, constant criticism, threats, gaslighting, and yelling. It may occur privately or publicly and can be a component of coercive control.
Context and nuances
- In many safeguarding and anti-violence frameworks, verbal abuse is categorized as emotional/psychological abuse and is recognized for its impact on self-esteem, safety, and well-being, even when no physical harm occurs.
- Verbal abuse can serve as a precursor or component of more overt forms of abuse, but it can also be damaging in its own right, contributing to fear, anxiety, and withdrawal. Typical examples include constant belittlement, undermining self-worth, threatening harm, and controlling what the other person says or does.
- Some resources describe distinct subtypes or manifestations (e.g., name-calling, humiliation, constant criticism, gaslighting, and intimidation), highlighting that verbal abuse can be overt or covert (e.g., covert tactics like gaslighting).
What to do if you’re experiencing verbal abuse
- Document incidents and seek safe support networks (friends, family, or professionals). Early recognition helps in seeking appropriate help and protections.
- If in danger or facing threats, contact local emergency services or relevant authorities. Depending on jurisdiction, certain forms of verbal abuse—especially when accompanied by harassment or coercive control—may be prosecutable.
If you’d like, I can tailor this to a specific context (e.g., workplace, dating relationships, or family).
