what are civil liberties

Civil liberties are freedoms and guarantees that governments commit not to abridge, either by constitution, legislation, or judicial interpretation, without due process. They are natural rights that are inherent to each person and operate as restraints on how the government can treat its citizens. Civil liberties may include the freedom of conscience, freedom of press, freedom of religion, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly, the right to security and liberty, freedom of speech, the right to privacy, the right to equal treatment under the law and due process, the right to a fair trial, and the right to life. Civil liberties are protected by the Constitution of the United States, especially its Bill of Rights. Civil liberties are often confused with civil rights, which are claims built upon legislation and protect people from discrimination. Civil liberties may also place positive obligations on governments, such as ensuring the safety of protestors during a peaceful assembly.