The G20, or Group of Twenty, is an intergovernmental forum that brings together 19 countries and the European Union (EU) to discuss and coordinate on global economic issues. The G20 was established in 1999 after the Asian financial crisis, initially as a forum for Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors. In 2008, it was elevated to the level of leaders, with heads of state and government participating in the discussions.
The G20 members represent around 85% of the global GDP, over 75% of the global trade, and about two-thirds of the world population. They include both industrialized and developing nations, making the G20 more representative of the current international balance of power than earlier blocs such as the G7. The G20s main areas of focus include international financial stability, climate change mitigation, and sustainable development.
The current G20 members are:
- Argentina
- Australia
- Brazil
- Canada
- China
- France
- Germany
- India
- Indonesia
- Italy
- Japan
- Republic of Korea
- Mexico
- Russia
- Saudi Arabia
- South Africa
- Turkey
- United Kingdom
- United States
In addition to the 19 countries, the European Union is also a member of the G20, represented by the rotating council presidency and the European Central Bank. Spain is invited as a permanent guest.
