Macronutrients are the nutrients that the body requires in large amounts to provide energy and maintain bodily functions and structure. The three main macronutrients are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
- Carbohydrates provide 4 calories per gram and are the body's primary energy source. They break down into glucose, which fuels the brain, central nervous system, and red blood cells. Carbohydrates also include fiber, which aids digestion and helps maintain fullness
- Proteins also provide 4 calories per gram and are essential for building and repairing tissues, creating enzymes and hormones, and maintaining body structure such as muscles, skin, and organs. Proteins break down into amino acids, some of which are essential and must be obtained from food
- Fats provide 9 calories per gram, making them the most energy-dense macronutrient. Fats are important for satiety, hormone balance, and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K)
Macronutrients are distinct from micronutrients, which are vitamins and minerals needed in smaller amounts. While macronutrients supply energy and structural components, micronutrients support various physiological functions
. In summary, macronutrients-carbohydrates, proteins, and fats-are essential nutrients required in large quantities to provide energy and support the body's structure and functions.
