The Five Pillars of Islam are fundamental practices in Islam, considered to be obligatory acts of worship for all Muslims. They are summarized in the hadith of Gabriel. The Sunni and Shia agree on the basic details of the performance and practice of these acts, but the Shia do not refer to them by the same name. The Five Pillars are:
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Shahada (Profession of Faith): The belief that "There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God" is central to Islam. This pillar emphasizes the monotheistic nature of Islam and the acceptance of Muhammad as the final prophet.
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Salah (Prayer): Muslims are required to perform five daily prayers, facing the Kaba in Mecca, at specific times throughout the day. Prayer is a way for Muslims to communicate with Allah and seek guidance and forgiveness.
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Zakat (Charity): Muslims are obligated to give a portion of their wealth to the poor and needy as a form of purification and social responsibility. This pillar emphasizes the importance of sharing resources and caring for those less fortunate.
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Sawm (Fasting): During the month of Ramadan, all healthy adult Muslims are required to abstain from food, drink, and other physical needs from dawn until sunset. Fasting is a way to purify the soul, develop self-discipline, and empathize with those who are less fortunate.
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Hajj (Pilgrimage): Every Muslim whose health and finances permit it must make at least one visit to the holy city of Mecca, in present-day Saudi Arabia, to perform a series of rituals. The Hajj is a demonstration of unity, equality, and submission to Allah, as Muslims from all over the world come together to worship.
