what are the functions of stomata

The functions of stomata include gas exchange, regulation of water loss, and facilitation of photosynthesis. Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for the exchange of gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen with the surrounding environment. They also control water loss by opening and closing the pores to regulate transpiration. Additionally, stomata play a crucial role in facilitating photosynthesis by allowing carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and enabling the release of oxygen. Furthermore, stomata are involved in plant innate immunity, as they can act as entry sites for pathogens and participate in limiting bacterial invasion