The symptoms of high blood pressure (hypertension) are often subtle or even absent, which is why it is known as a "silent killer." Most people with high blood pressure do not experience symptoms, even when blood pressure readings reach dangerously high levels. Regular screening is essential since many people may not know they have hypertension. When symptoms do occur, particularly with very high or severe blood pressure, they may include:
- Headaches, often felt at the back of the head or in the morning
- Dizziness or light-headedness
- Nosebleeds, especially if frequent or unexplained
- Problems with eyesight, such as blurred or double vision
- Chest pain or discomfort
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Fatigue or confusion
- Pounding sensation in the chest, neck, or ears
- Irregular heartbeat or palpitations
- Seizures (in extreme cases)
- Vomiting
- Anxiety
- Tinnitus (ringing or buzzing in the ears)
- Blood in the urine in severe cases
Very high blood pressure (a hypertensive crisis, typically 180/120 mmHg or higher) is a medical emergency and can cause severe headaches, chest pain, vision changes, confusion, and other serious symptoms that require immediate hospital care. Since many symptoms of high blood pressure overlap with other conditions or may not be evident, the best way to detect it is through regular blood pressure measurements by a healthcare professional. If you experience any of the above symptoms or have concerns about your blood pressure, it is important to seek medical advice and have your blood pressure checked regularly. Early detection and management can significantly reduce the risk of complications such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney damage.
