White spots on nails, also known as leukonychia, can result from various factors, including injury, exposure to toxins, allergies, fungal infections, and mineral deficiencies
. There are two main types of leukonychia:
- True leukonychia : This type originates in the matrix of the nail, the part of the nail responsible for nail production
. It is often caused by an injury to the nail plate or the area where the nail grows from, known as the matrix. Injuries can include nail biting, manicures, day-to-day nail injuries, or footwear that is too small, causing abnormal pressure on the nails
- Apparent leukonychia : This type occurs when the nail bed underneath the nail is affected, causing the nail plate to change color. It will lessen or disappear under pressure and will not grow out with the nail
White spots on nails can sometimes be harmless and may not require any treatment. However, if you have white spots on your nails and had no injury, a healthcare provider may recommend several tests to help make a diagnosis, including blood tests, breath tests, or skin tests
. If the white spots are caused by a fungus, treatment options may include antifungal medications
. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional if you are concerned about the white spots on your nails or if they persist without a clear cause.
