Autism, formally known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, and repetitive or restricted patterns of behaviors, interests, or activities. It is important to note that autism is a spectrum disorder, meaning that it can manifest very differently in each person. Some individuals may have high support needs, experience developmental delays, and be non-speaking, while others may have relatively low support needs with more typical speech-language and intellectual skills but atypical social/conversation skills and narrowly focused interests.
The main signs of autism in adults include finding it hard to understand what others are thinking or feeling, getting very anxious about social situations, finding it hard to make friends or preferring to be on your own, and having the same routine every day and getting very anxious if it changes. Other signs may include not understanding social "rules," avoiding eye contact, and having a very keen interest in certain subjects or activities.
Autism can sometimes be different in women and men. Autistic women may have learned to hide signs of autism to ‘fit in’ by copying people who don’t have autism, be quieter and hide their feelings, appear to cope better with social situations, and show fewer signs of repetitive behaviors.
If you suspect that you or someone you know may be on the autism spectrum, it is important to seek professional evaluation and diagnosis. There are various tests available for adults to screen the possibility of ASD, but its crucial to remember that an accurate diagnosis can only be made through clinical evaluation by a healthcare professional. Early intervention services can greatly improve a child’s development, so seeking an evaluation as soon as possible is important for children.
