Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to the bodys tissues. There are many types of anemia, each with its own causes and risk factors. Some common causes of anemia include:
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Iron deficiency: This is the most common type of anemia and is caused by too little iron in the body. Iron is needed to make hemoglobin, the part of red blood cells that carries oxygen.
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Blood loss: Blood contains iron within red blood cells, so if you lose blood, you lose some iron. Women with heavy periods are at risk of iron deficiency anemia because they lose blood during menstruation. Slow, chronic blood loss within the body, such as from a peptic ulcer, a hiatal hernia, a colon polyp or colorectal cancer, can also cause iron deficiency anemia.
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Vitamin deficiency: Lack of vitamin B12 and folate can also cause anemia.
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Diseases and conditions: Certain diseases and conditions can affect how the body makes blood, leading to anemia. Examples include leukemia, myelofibrosis, and autoimmune diseases.
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Toxic chemicals and medicines: Drinking too much alcohol, being around toxic chemicals, and taking some medicines can affect the making of red blood cells and lead to anemia.
Risk factors for anemia include a diet that doesnt have enough of certain vitamins and minerals, problems with the small intestine, heavy menstrual periods, and age. If left untreated, anemia can cause many health problems, such as severe tiredness, pregnancy complications, and heart problems.
