Anxiety is caused by a complex interplay of various brain regions and neurochemical processes. The amygdala, an almond-shaped structure deep in the brain, is believed to play a significant role in triggering a fear or anxiety response. It can alert the rest of the brain that a threat is present and trigger a fear or anxiety response. The brain's limbic system, which includes the hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, and thalamus, is responsible for emotional processing and may show heightened activity in individuals with anxiety disorders
. Additionally, disruptions in the balance of activity in the emotional centers of the brain, such as the amygdala and insula, are thought to contribute to the symptoms of anxiety disorders
. The release of hormones, including cortisol and adrenaline, as part of the body's fight or flight response, also plays a role in the physiological aspects of anxiety
. Furthermore, abnormalities in brain neurotransmitters, such as gamma- aminobutyric acid, are associated with anxiety disorders
. Overall, anxiety is a complex phenomenon involving a combination of genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors.
