Dandruff is a common condition that causes the skin on the scalp to flake. There are several causes of dandruff, including:
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Dry skin: Dry skin is one of the most common causes of dandruff. If dry skin is causing your dandruff, it can be easy to tell because other parts of your body will likely be dry as well.
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Oily skin: Irritated, oily skin can also cause dandruff.
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Yeast-like fungus: A yeast-like fungus called Malassezia exists on most adults scalps. It feeds on the oils on your scalp, breaking it down and leaving oleic acid in its place. Many people are sensitive to oleic acid. The body then reacts to this acid by increasing the speed at which skin cells renew. It is an attempt to rid the scalp of the irritant and can cause flakes.
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Sensitivity to hair care products: Some people may be sensitive to certain hair care products, which can cause contact dermatitis and make the scalp red and itchy.
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Skin conditions: Skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis can appear in the scalp as well, causing dandruff.
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Age and sex: Dandruff usually begins in young adulthood and continues through middle age. Men develop dandruff more frequently than women.
To treat dandruff, a gentle daily shampoo may be effective. If that doesn't work, a medicated shampoo may help. Moisturizing the scalp can also help if dry skin is the cause of dandruff.
