what causes delirium

Delirium can be caused by a variety of factors, including severe or long illness, imbalances in the body such as low sodium, certain medications, infections, surgery, alcohol or drug use or withdrawal, advanced cancer, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, dementia, metabolic disorders, organ failure, poisoning, serious illnesses, severe pain, sleep deprivation, surgeries, and reactions to anesthesia. It is important to note that delirium is a complex condition that can be triggered by a combination of stressors and risk factors, which reduce the functional reserve capacity of the body, making it easier for delirium to occur. Additionally, certain risk factors such as being in a hospital or nursing home, having dementia, serious illness, infection, older age, surgery, and taking medications that affect the mind or behavior can increase the likelihood of delirium. It is crucial for healthcare providers to consider these potential causes and risk factors when diagnosing and treating delirium.