Diaper rash is primarily caused by skin irritation from prolonged contact with urine and feces in the diaper area. Other causes include chafing from tight diapers or clothing, allergic reactions to products like wipes or detergents, and infections from yeast (Candida) or bacteria. Changes in diet, diarrhea, and antibiotic use can also increase the risk of diaper rash by altering stool composition or killing bacteria that keep yeast in check.
Main Causes of Diaper Rash
- Prolonged exposure to urine and feces, leading to skin irritation
- Chafing or rubbing from tight diapers or clothing
- Allergic reactions to soaps, detergents, diapers, or wipes
- Yeast infections, especially with Candida albicans, in warm, moist diaper areas
- Bacterial infections such as those caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus
- Dietary changes and diarrhea increasing stool acidity and frequency
- Use of antibiotics affecting natural skin flora and promoting infections
Additional Risk Factors
- Babies with sensitive skin or underlying skin conditions like atopic dermatitis
- Antibiotic use in babies or breastfeeding mothers
- Infrequent diaper changes increasing moisture exposure
Overall, diaper rash results from a combination of moisture, friction, irritation from urine and stool, infections, and sometimes allergies.
