Stomach ulcers, also known as peptic ulcers, are open sores that develop on the inside lining of the stomach and the upper portion of the small intestine. The most common causes of peptic ulcers are infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and naproxen sodium. The H. pylori bacteria can live in the mucous layer that covers and protects tissues lining the stomach and small intestine, causing inflammation and leading to the development of ulcers. NSAIDs can break down the stomachs defense against the acid it produces to digest food, allowing the stomach lining to become damaged and an ulcer to form.
Its important to note that there is little evidence that stress or certain foods directly cause stomach ulcers. However, lifestyle factors such as stress, alcohol, spicy foods, and smoking may make the symptoms worse while the ulcer heals. Additionally, while these factors do not directly cause ulcers, they can make ulcers worse and more difficult to heal.
In summary, the primary causes of stomach ulcers are H. pylori infection and the long-term use of NSAIDs. While lifestyle factors may exacerbate symptoms, they are not direct causes of stomach ulcers. Understanding these causes can help in the prevention and management of stomach ulcers.
