Diamond is made entirely of the chemical element carbon. It is a pure form of carbon where the atoms are arranged in a specific crystal structure known as the diamond cubic lattice. Each carbon atom in a diamond is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms in a tetrahedral arrangement, which gives diamond its exceptional hardness and other unique properties
. Diamonds are not a compound or a separate element but an allotrope of carbon, meaning they are one of several structural forms that carbon can take. This distinct atomic arrangement differentiates diamond from other carbon allotropes like graphite
. In summary, diamond is composed solely of carbon atoms arranged in a rigid three-dimensional lattice that accounts for its remarkable physical characteristics
