The North Pole is a point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earths axis of rotation meets its surface, also known as the Geographic North Pole, Terrestrial North Pole or 90th Parallel North. It is located in the middle of the Arctic Ocean amid waters that are almost permanently covered with constantly shifting sea ice. The nearest land is usually said to be Kaffeklubben Island, off the northern coast of Greenland about 700 km (430 mi) away, though some perhaps semi-permanent gravel banks lie slightly closer. The nearest permanently inhabited place is Alert on Ellesmere Island, Canada, which is located 817 km (508 mi) from the Pole. Since the North Pole is in the middle of the Arctic Ocean, outside the territorial claims of any nation, no country owns it.