Carbohydrates are one of the three main nutrients found in foods and drinks, along with proteins and fats. They are sugar molecules that provide the body with energy. Carbohydrates come in different forms, including sugars, fibers, and starches, and can be found in a wide array of both healthy and unhealthy foods.
Here are some key functions of carbohydrates:
- Energy source: Carbohydrates provide the body with glucose, which is converted to energy used to support bodily functions and physical activity.
- Preferred energy source: Carbohydrates are the bodys preferred source of energy, and if a person does not have a good supply of carbohydrates, their body will use protein and fats as an energy source.
- Glucose production: Carbohydrates break down into glucose in the body, which moves from the bloodstream into the body's cells with the help of the hormone insulin.
- Fiber: Fiber is a complex carbohydrate that occurs naturally in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and cooked dry beans and peas. It helps regulate digestion and can lower the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.
- Vitamins and minerals: The healthiest sources of carbohydrates, such as unprocessed or minimally processed whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and beans, promote good health by delivering vitamins, minerals, fiber, and a host of important phytonutrients.
However, it is important to note that carbohydrate quality is important, and some types of carbohydrate-rich foods are better than others. Unhealthier sources of carbohydrates include white bread, pastries, sodas, and other highly processed or refined foods, which contain easily digested carbohydrates that may contribute to weight gain or other health issues.
