Period cramps typically feel like a throbbing or cramping pain in the lower abdomen, which can range from a mild ache to intense pain. The sensation may also be described as sharp, spasmodic, or muscle cramp-like tightening. Some women experience a dull, continuous ache that can radiate to the lower back and thighs. The pain often begins 1 to 3 days before the period starts, peaks around 24 hours after onset, and usually subsides within 2 to 3 days
. Additional sensations associated with period cramps include a feeling of pressure in the abdomen, heaviness, or gripping pain. The cramps result from uterine muscle contractions triggered by prostaglandins, which help shed the uterine lining but can cause pain when contractions are strong and reduce blood flow to the uterus
. Other symptoms that may accompany period cramps include nausea, loose stools or diarrhea, headaches, and dizziness. The intensity and duration of cramps can vary widely among individuals, with some experiencing mild discomfort and others having severe pain that interferes with daily activities
