Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They read the messenger RNA (mRNA) sequence and translate it into a specific string of amino acids, which then grow into long chains that fold to form proteins
. The ribosome is universally responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating the genetic code transcribed in mRNA into an amino acid sequence
. Ribosomes occur as free particles in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and as particles attached to the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells
. They consist of two subunits, one of which decodes the mRNA, while the other forms the peptide bonds
. In summary, ribosomes play a crucial role in protein synthesis by decoding the genetic information and forming peptide bonds to create proteins.
