Shin splints refer to pain and tenderness along the shin bone (tibia) in the front part of the lower leg. The pain can range from mild to severe, and the shin bone may be tender to the touch. The most common symptom of shin splints is lower leg pain, which can be felt on the front and outside of the shin. Pain may start when the heel touches the ground during running, and in time, it can become constant and painful to the touch. Other symptoms of shin splints may include:
- Sensations ranging from a dull throbbing to sharp jolts of pain
- Pain that starts and stops with physical activity
- Pain on the inside of the lower leg above the ankle
- Pain that gets worse when standing on the toes or rolling the ankle inward
Shin splints are caused by repetitive stress on the shinbone and the connective tissues that attach muscles to the bone. They are common in runners, dancers, and military recruits. Risk factors for shin splints include sudden increases in the duration, frequency, or intensity of exercise, running on uneven terrain or hard surfaces, and having flat feet or high arches. If rest, ice, and over-the-counter pain relievers do not ease shin pain, it is recommended to consult a doctor.
