A toner is a liquid skincare product applied to the face after cleansing and before moisturizing. Its primary functions include:
- Removing any remaining traces of dirt, makeup, oil, and cleanser residue to ensure the skin is thoroughly clean
- Restoring and balancing the skin’s natural pH level, which helps maintain healthy skin and prevents dryness, inflammation, and accelerated aging
- Hydrating the skin by delivering moisture, often through ingredients like hyaluronic acid and niacinamide, making the skin feel soft and nourished rather than tight or dry
- Minimizing the appearance of pores by cleansing and sometimes exfoliating dead skin cells, which can help reduce breakouts and give skin a smoother look
- Providing additional skincare benefits depending on the formulation, such as soothing sensitive skin, controlling oiliness, refining pores, and protecting against environmental stressors with antioxidants
Toners come in various forms, including liquids applied with cotton pads or sprays, and should be chosen based on your skin type and concerns. For example, alcohol-free, hydrating toners suit dry or sensitive skin, while toners with exfoliating acids like salicylic acid benefit oily or acne-prone skin
. In summary, toner acts as a preparatory step that cleanses, balances, hydrates, and enhances the effectiveness of subsequent skincare products
