what does data minimisation mean?

Data minimisation means limiting the collection, processing, and retention of personal data to only what is strictly necessary for a specific purpose. It involves collecting the bare minimum amount of data needed, keeping it only as long as required, and not using it for unrelated purposes. The principle aims to reduce privacy risks, data breaches, and regulatory non-compliance by minimizing the volume of data organizations hold. It is a key part of data privacy laws like the GDPR and involves purpose limitation, data adequacy, relevance, proportionality, storage limitation, and accountability for data handling practices.