what does fermentation produce

Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substances through the action of enzymes. It is the primary means of producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the degradation of organic nutrients anaerobically. The process involves the extraction of energy from organic compounds, such as glucose, through the action of microorganisms like bacteria and yeast. The products of fermentation can vary and include substances such as alcohol, lactic acid, carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas, and other organic compounds. Some common examples of products produced through fermentation include wine, beer, cheese, yogurt, bread leavening by yeast, and sour foods that contain lactic acid, such as kimchi and sauerkraut. Additionally, fermentation is used for the production of industrial products like biofuels and for sewage treatment. Therefore, fermentation produces a wide range of products that are essential for various industries and everyday consumption.