Grapes are highly toxic to dogs and can cause severe health issues including kidney damage and even kidney failure, which can be fatal if not treated promptly. Both fresh grapes and dried forms like raisins, currants, and sultanas pose a risk. The toxic substance in grapes is believed to be tartaric acid, which dogs cannot effectively metabolize, leading to toxin buildup and kidney injury. Symptoms of grape poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, loss of appetite, excessive thirst, increased urination, and in severe cases, decreased or no urine output. Because the sensitivity varies among dogs and the toxic dose is unpredictable, it is safest to completely avoid feeding grapes or grape products to dogs. Immediate veterinary care is essential if a dog ingests grapes to prevent serious complications or death.
Why Grapes Are Harmful
- Grapes contain tartaric acid which dogs cannot easily excrete.
- Tartaric acid accumulation can cause acute kidney injury/failure.
- Raisins and dried grape forms are even more concentrated in toxic compounds.
Symptoms of Grape Toxicity in Dogs
- Vomiting and diarrhea within hours of ingestion
- Lethargy, weakness, and decreased appetite
- Increased thirst and urination initially, followed by reduced urine output if kidney damage occurs
- Abdominal pain or tenderness
Precautions and Actions
- Never feed grapes or grape-based foods to dogs.
- If ingestion occurs, contact a veterinarian immediately.
- Do not try inducing vomiting without veterinary guidance.
Additional Notes
- Toxicity can vary by dog size, breed, and individual sensitivity.
- Grapes are also a choking hazard due to their size and shape.
- Even a single grape or raisin can potentially be dangerous.
In summary, grapes are dangerous to dogs, primarily because of tartaric acid toxicity, and ingestion requires urgent veterinary attention.
