Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid medication that works by calming down the body's immune response to reduce inflammation, pain, itching, and swelling
. It is used in various forms-including creams, ointments, lotions, tablets, and injections-to treat a wide range of conditions. Key effects and uses of hydrocortisone:
- Anti-inflammatory: It reduces inflammation in conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, allergic reactions, arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease
- Immune suppression: It slows down an overactive immune system, helping manage autoimmune and allergic conditions
- Hormone replacement: It replaces cortisol in people who do not produce enough naturally, such as those with Addison's disease or adrenal insufficiency
- Skin conditions: Topical hydrocortisone treats redness, swelling, itching, and discomfort from eczema, dermatitis, insect bites, psoriasis, and other inflammatory skin problems
- Pain relief: Injections can relieve pain and swelling in joints and tendons, such as in tennis elbow or bursitis
- Other uses: It can be used rectally for hemorrhoids and mouth ulcers, and orally or by injection for severe allergic reactions and adrenal gland disorders
Hydrocortisone works by blocking certain proteins and immune cells that cause inflammation and immune reactions, and it also affects how the body balances carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, and electrolytes
. In summary, hydrocortisone is a versatile steroid medication primarily used to reduce inflammation and suppress immune responses, as well as to replace deficient cortisol hormone in the body
