Identity refers to the unique characteristics, qualities, beliefs, and traits that define and distinguish a person or group from others. It encompasses a person’s sense of self, including their name, personality, experiences, social roles, and cultural background
. In social science and psychology, identity is seen as both a personal and social construct. Personal identity involves the distinctive qualities and traits that make an individual unique, contributing to their self-concept and continuity over time. Social identity relates to the groups a person belongs to, such as ethnicity, gender, nationality, or religion, which influence how they see themselves and how others perceive them
. Identity serves multiple functions: it provides meaning, direction, and a sense of control, helping individuals orient themselves toward future goals and adapt to life’s challenges. It is an ongoing process influenced by both internal factors (like personality) and external factors (like social roles and cultural context)
. The term also applies in practical contexts, such as legal identity (name and facts about who someone is) or identity theft (stealing personal information). Identity can be fluid and multifaceted, involving many aspects that together form a person’s overall sense of who they are
. In summary, identity is the complex and evolving set of characteristics and affiliations that make a person or group distinct and provide a sense of self and belonging
