A government shutdown means that the federal government stops or reduces many of its operations and services due to a failure by Congress to pass the necessary funding bills. This occurs when lawmakers cannot agree on a budget or a temporary funding measure by the deadline. During a shutdown, non- essential federal agencies cease operations, and many federal workers are furloughed (placed on temporary unpaid leave), while essential employees remain working but may not be paid until funding is restored. Key points about a government shutdown:
- It happens when Congress fails to pass funding legislation for the upcoming fiscal year or a temporary continuing resolution.
- Non-essential government services are suspended, and many federal employees are furloughed.
- Essential services related to protecting life and property, such as the military, air traffic controllers, and law enforcement, continue operating.
- Programs funded by mandatory spending like Social Security, Medicare, and the U.S. Postal Service are generally unaffected.
- The shutdown ends when Congress approves and the President signs the funding bills.
- The impact includes delays in government services, furloughs for hundreds of thousands of workers, and potential disruptions to the economy.
This situation is currently relevant as of September 2025, with a potential shutdown looming if Congress does not reach a funding agreement by October 1, 2025.
