what does it mean if the government shut down

A government shutdown means the federal government stops all non-essential functions and operations until Congress approves and signs funding legislation. During this time, non-essential federal employees are furloughed (placed on temporary unpaid leave), while essential employees, such as active- duty military, law enforcement, air traffic controllers, and TSA officers, continue working but without pay until funding is restored. Many government services and agencies cease operations, causing disruptions in public services like national parks, passport processing, and some social programs. Once the shutdown ends, most furloughed workers receive back pay, but contractors typically do not. Shutdowns result from a political deadlock where Congress fails to pass the budget or temporary funding measures before the fiscal year begins, causing significant interruptions across many government sectors and affecting millions of workers and the public.