what does it mean if the government shuts down

When the government shuts down, it means there is a failure by Congress to pass funding bills or temporary funding measures to finance federal government operations. As a result, many government agencies must cease non-essential operations and furlough non-essential employees, temporarily placing them on unpaid leave. Essential services related to protecting life and property continue, but employees in these areas work without pay until funding is restored. Programs like Social Security, Medicare, and mail delivery generally continue but may face slowdowns or limited functions. Shutdowns disrupt services such as national parks, food assistance, and federally funded education programs, and can cause delays and economic impacts. Federal workers typically receive back pay once the shutdown ends, though some administrations have suggested possible permanent layoffs during prolonged shutdowns. A shutdown usually lasts until Congress reaches a funding agreement.