what does metformin do

Metformin is a medication used to treat high blood sugar levels caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus or sugar diabetes. It works by improving the way the body handles insulin, lowering blood sugar levels, and reducing the amount of glucose absorbed from food. Metformin is also used to manage symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to help prevent type 2 diabetes in people at high risk of developing it. It does not help patients with insulin- dependent or type 1 diabetes because they cannot produce insulin. Metformin is available in tablet, liquid, and powder forms and is usually taken with meals to reduce side effects. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain, and loss of appetite. Metformin does not cause weight gain and may even help people with diabetes lose excess weight.