what does net zero mean

Net zero means a state where the amount of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted into the atmosphere is balanced by an equivalent amount being removed. This balance stops any additional net increase in greenhouse gases, which is essential to halting global warming. The term "net" is important because it acknowledges that while it may be very difficult to reduce all emissions to zero immediately, the remaining emissions must be offset by removals such as carbon capture or natural sinks like forests. Achieving net zero is a key goal in combating climate change and is aligned with global agreements like the Paris Agreement to limit warming to 1.5°C by around 2050. This involves both drastically cutting emissions, especially fossil fuel use, and scaling up permanent removals of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.