The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the brain and is primarily made up of gray matter that is extensively folded, giving it a wrinkled appearance. The cerebral cortex is responsible for many high-level functions, such as thought, perception, language, memory, attention, consciousness, and advanced motor functions. The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. Each lobe is associated with different functions. For example:
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Frontal Lobe: This lobe is involved in motor function, problem-solving, spontaneity, memory, language, initiation, judgment, impulse control, and social and sexual behavior.
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Parietal Lobe: This lobe is involved in processing sensory information, such as touch, temperature, and pain, as well as spatial awareness and perception.
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Temporal Lobe: This lobe is involved in processing auditory information, memory, and speech.
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Occipital Lobe: This lobe is involved in visual processing and interpretation.
The cerebral cortex is also responsible for determining intelligence, personality, and touch sensation. The cerebral cortex is made up of 14 to 16 billion nerve cells and is typically only a few millimeters thick but makes up roughly 50% of the total brain mass.
