The prostate is a gland that is part of the male reproductive system and is located inside the body. It is about the size of a chestnut and weighs about 30 grams. The prostate has several functions, including:
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Production of prostatic secretion: This fluid is important for the proper functioning of sperm cells and fertility in men. The prostatic secretion is a thin, milky liquid that contains many enzymes such as the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which makes the semen thinner. The hormone-like substance spermine mostly ensures sperm cell motility (ability to move) .
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Closing of the urethra during ejaculation: During ejaculation, the prostate and the bladder’s sphincter muscle close the urethra up to the bladder to prevent semen from entering the bladder.
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Closing of the seminal ducts during urination: During urination, the central zone muscles close the prostate’s ducts so that urine cannot enter.
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Hormone metabolism: In the prostate, the male sex hormone testosterone is transformed to a more potent form called dihydrotestosterone (DHT) .
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Production of seminal fluid: The prostates primary function is to produce the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm (seminal fluid) .
Prostate problems are common, especially in older men. The most common include an inflamed prostate, an enlarged prostate, and prostate cancer. Symptoms of prostate trouble often appear as difficulty urinating, which might include poor bladder control or weak urine flow.
