what happens if a pawn reaches the other side

When a pawn reaches the opposite side of the chessboard, it can be promoted to any other piece of its own color, except for a king. This process is called pawn promotion, and it is a fundamental rule in chess that grants a pawn the extraordinary ability to transform into any other chess piece upon reaching the opposite side of the board. The player can choose to promote the pawn to a queen, bishop, rook, or knight, based on their preference. There are no restrictions on how many pieces of a given type a player can have via promotion. Pawn promotion is often considered a key goal of a chess game, as it can shift the balance of power and pave the way for strategic breakthroughs.