The G20 is a group of twenty of the worlds largest economies that meets annually to coordinate global policy on trade, health, climate, and other issues. The G20 is not a permanent institution with a headquarters, offices, or staff. The G20 Leaders' Summit is the culmination of all the G20 processes and meetings held throughout the year among ministers, senior officials, and civil societies. The summit is held annually, under the leadership of a rotating Presidency, and the G20 initially focused largely on broad macroeconomic issues, but it has since expanded its agenda to include trade, sustainable development, health, agriculture, energy, environment, climate change, and anti-corruption.
The 2023 summit in New Delhi, India, was held under the theme of "One Earth, One Family, One Future," and important issues such as food security, climate and energy, and sustainable development were discussed. The summit was expected to address climate change, economic development for low-income countries, and the ongoing fallout from the war. The G20 Leaders' Declaration was adopted at the conclusion of the New Delhi Summit, stating Leaders' commitment towards the priorities discussed and agreed upon during the respective ministerial and working group meetings.
Every year, the leaders of G20 members meet to discuss mainly economic and financial matters and coordinate policy on some other issues of mutual interest. Examples include when the G20 discussed how to address a covert Iranian nuclear plant at the 2009 summit and when the forum debated how to administer a partial cease-fire in Syria at the 2017 summit. The issues discussed by G20 leaders have expanded from economics to include climate change, sustainable energy, international-debt forgiveness, and taxing multinational corporations.
