A Commercial Driver's License (CDL) is a special driver's license required in the United States to operate large or heavy vehicles, such as trucks, buses, and trailers, or any vehicle that transports hazardous materials or more than 15 passengers (including the driver) for commercial purposes
. To obtain a CDL, applicants must pass both knowledge and skills tests that meet higher standards than those for a regular driver's license, reflecting the greater responsibility, skill, and physical ability needed to operate commercial motor vehicles (CMVs)
. CDLs are issued by state governments, and it is illegal to hold a CDL from more than one state simultaneously
. There are three classes of CDLs based on the type and weight of the vehicle:
- Class A: For combination vehicles with a gross combination weight rating (GCWR) of 26,001 pounds or more, where the towed vehicle weighs more than 10,000 pounds.
- Class B: For single vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,001 pounds or more, or towing a vehicle not heavier than 10,000 pounds.
- Class C: For vehicles designed to transport more than 15 passengers or transport hazardous materials, regardless of weight
Special endorsements may be required to operate certain types of vehicles, such as those carrying hazardous materials, tank vehicles, passenger vehicles, or trucks with double/triple trailers
. In summary, a CDL authorizes an individual to legally operate commercial vehicles, ensuring they meet federal and state safety and skill standards necessary for the safe transport of goods or passengers on public roads
