A monomer is a molecule that can react with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization. Monomers are small molecules that can be joined together to form more complex structures such as polymers. Here are some key points about monomers:
- A monomer is a simple molecule with two or more binding sites through which it forms covalent linkages with other monomer molecules to form the macromolecule.
- Monomers can be classified in many ways. They can be subdivided into two classes, depending on the kind of polymer that they form. Monomers that participate in condensation polymerization have a different stoichiometry than monomers that participate in addition polymerization.
- Monomers can be organic or inorganic, and they can be classified based on their functionality. The essential feature of a monomer is polyfunctionality, the capacity to form chemical bonds to at least two other monomer molecules.
- Examples of monomers include glucose, vinyl chloride, amino acids, and ethylene. Four big monomers are found: amino acids, nucleotides, monosaccharides, and fatty acids. The main forms of macromolecules are those monomers: proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
In summary, a monomer is a small molecule that can react with other monomers to form a larger polymer chain or three-dimensional network. Monomers can be classified in many ways, and examples include glucose, amino acids, and nucleotides.
