Network-attached storage (NAS) is a specialized file-level computer data storage server that is connected to a computer network. Its main purpose is to provide centralized data storage and file sharing to multiple users and client devices over the network. Key points about NAS include:
- It acts as a dedicated storage server allowing access to files from various devices on a local area network (LAN) using standard file-sharing protocols like NFS, SMB, or AFP.
- NAS devices typically consist of one or more hard drives arranged in redundant configurations such as RAID for improved reliability.
- Unlike general-purpose servers, NAS units are optimized primarily for file storage and sharing; they usually do not have keyboards or screens and are configured via network interfaces such as web browsers.
- NAS allows easier administration and faster data access for file sharing compared to using a general-purpose server.
- They are often used in both home and business environments to provide a private cloud-like storage service accessible locally or remotely.
- NAS is different from direct-attached storage (DAS), which connects directly to a computer but is not networked. NAS is also different from storage area networks (SANs), which handle block-level storage primarily for databases and structured data.
In essence, a NAS device acts as a centralized, network-accessible storage container or "little server" specialized in storing and providing access to files for multiple users and devices, making data management and sharing simpler and more efficient across a network. It is widely used for backing up data, media streaming, file sharing, and collaboration in homes and enterprises. NAS systems are scalable and can be managed easily without needing extensive IT expertise.
