A recital can refer to different things depending on the context. Here are some definitions and explanations:
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Music or dance performance: A recital can be a program of music or dance usually given by a single performer. It can also refer to a concert given by an individual musician or dancer or by a dance troupe. Recitals are almost always solo performances, highlighting one students repertoire.
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Detailed account or enumeration: Recital can also mean a detailed account or enumeration of something. For example, someone might give a long, boring recital of all their troubles.
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Legal term: In a legal context, a recital is a statement of facts or reasons that explain why a law or contract exists. It provides context information and is sometimes called a whereas or preamble clause.
In summary, a recital can refer to a music or dance performance, a detailed account or enumeration, or a legal statement of facts or reasons.