A refractometer is a laboratory or field device used to measure the index of refraction of a substance. The index of refraction is calculated from the observed refraction angle using Snells law. Standard refractometers measure the extent of light refraction of transparent substances in either a liquid or solid-state, which is then used to identify a liquid sample, analyze the sample's purity, and determine the amount or concentration of dissolved substances within the sample. Refractometers are used in various industries, including laboratory medicine, drug diagnostics, the machine industry, and homebrewing.
Refractometers are simple instruments used for measuring concentrations of aqueous solutions such as gases, liquids, and translucent solids. They can measure chemical concentrations, validate mixtures, and determine the purity of materials. Refractometers can also measure the water content of liquids, including honey and milk, and determine the concentration of soy milk. In manufacturing, inline process refractometers provide composition of substances, control dilution, and check for the purity of a substance.
Refractometers come in different types, including handheld, digital, and automatic shadow line. They are compact analog instruments that fit neatly in the palm of your hand and are commonly used.
