what is a subnet mask

A subnet mask is a 32-bit number that separates an IP address into network bits that identify the network and host bits that identify the host device operating on that network. It is used to create multiple sub-networks within an extensive network. The subnet mask essentially uses its own 32-bit number to mask the IP address, and it encapsulates a range of IP addresses that a subnet can use. The subnet mask separates the IP address into the network and host addresses, and it is used internally within a network by routing devices or switches to route data packets to suitable destinations. When organizations need additional subnetworking, subnetting divides the host element of the IP address further into a subnet. The subnet mask is important because it tells us how big our network is, how many IP addresses are there, and more.