Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a therapy that helps individuals, particularly children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), learn new skills and reduce problematic behaviors. ABA is a scientifically-based approach that focuses on understanding and modifying behavior in real-life situations. The therapy has been used since the 1960s and has been effective in improving various skills, such as language and communication, attention, focus, social skills, memory, and academics.
How ABA Therapy Works
- Assessment: A Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) assesses the individuals needs and develops individualized goals and treatment plans.
- Intervention: ABA therapy is typically provided one-on-one by a therapist, often a Registered Behavior Technician (RBT), who works directly with the individual to practice skills and work towards the established goals.
- Positive Reinforcement: ABA therapy uses positive reinforcement, where the individual receives a reward or something of personal value when they exhibit the desired behavior, making them more likely to repeat that behavior in the future.
- Skill Development: ABA therapy can help with daily living skills, self-care skills, attention, social skills, academic skills and behaviors, community participation, and employment.
- Challenging Behavior Reduction: ABA therapy also focuses on reducing challenging behaviors and building social skills.
Controversy
There is some controversy surrounding ABA therapy. Some people believe that it is harmful because it requires suppressing behaviors that are natural for individuals with autism. However, others argue that ABA therapy is beneficial as it helps children with autism learn to communicate and gain more autonomy. The effectiveness of ABA therapy has been supported by studies, showing positive outcomes for children who participate in intensive, long-term therapy.
