what is abstraction

Abstraction, in the context of computer science and software engineering, is the process of generalizing concrete details, such as attributes, away from the study of objects and systems to focus attention on details of greater importance). It is a fundamental concept in computer science and software engineering, especially within the object-oriented programming paradigm. Abstraction involves preserving information that is relevant in a given context and forgetting information that is irrelevant in that context). In the real world, abstraction can be found in various forms, such as in the process of making coffee with a coffee machine, where the underlying details of the machines operation are hidden from the user. In mathematics, abstraction involves extracting the underlying structures, patterns, or properties of a mathematical concept or object, removing any dependence on real-world objects with which it might originally have been connected, and generalizing it so that it has wider applications or matching among other abstract descriptions of equivalent phenomena. Overall, abstraction is a concept that is widely applicable in various fields, including computer science, software engineering, mathematics, and philosophy, and it plays a crucial role in simplifying complexity and handling information at different levels of detail.