Electric current is the flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface. Here are some key points about electric current:
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Charge carriers: In metallic solids, electric charge flows by means of electrons, from lower to higher electrical potential. In other media, any stream of charged objects (ions, for example) may constitute an electric current.
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Direction: To provide a definition of current independent of the type of charge carriers, conventional current is defined as moving in the same direction as the positive charge flow.
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Measurement: Electric current is measured in amperes (A), and the intensity of the electric current is determined by the amount of charge passing through a conductor in a unit of time.
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Analogy: Electricity is often compared to the flow of water in a river, where particles called electrons come together, and the number of electrons flowing each second is the current.
Electric current is an important concept in electrical engineering and physics, and it is used in a wide range of applications, from powering electronic devices to generating electricity in power plants.
